| 兰青,张寿川,周明泽,郭志勇.滇西北红河断裂北段地热水水文地球化学特征及成因机制[J].地质找矿论丛,2026,41(1):146-157 |
| 滇西北红河断裂北段地热水水文地球化学特征及成因机制 |
| Hydrochemical Characteristics and Genetic Mechanism of Geothermal Water in the Northern Segment of Red River Fault Zone, Northwestern Yunnan |
| 投稿时间：2026-02-06 修订日期：2026-03-17 |
| DOI：10.6053/j.issn.1001-1412.2026.01.014 |
| 中文关键词: 地热水 水文地球化学 氢氧同位素 滇西北红河断裂带 |
| 英文关键词:geothermal groundwater hydrochemical hydrogen and oxygen isotopes the Red River Fault Zone of Northwestern Yunnan |
| 基金项目:深地国家科技重大专项项目“深部特殊空间探测与利用关键技术及示范”（2024ZD1004103）、中国地质科学院基本科研业务费项目“高温带状地热资源循环演化机制研究”（JKY202406）和“沂沭断裂带深部带状地热资源循环演化机制研究”（JKYZD202401）联合资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 红河断裂带位于扬子准地台、松潘-甘孜褶皱系、三江褶皱系与华南褶皱系的交汇地带，构造活动强烈，是我国西南部核心控热断裂带，沿线地热资源禀赋优越但成因机制尚未完全厘清。为系统揭示红河断裂带北段地热流体水文地球化学特征与成因机制，在研究区典型地热出露点采集27组地热水样品，基于水化学测试、同位素分析等方法开展研究。结果表明，研究区地热水温度为37.6~89.2℃，pH值为6.20~8.30，溶解性总固体含量为326~1 198 mg/L，水化学类型为HCO3-Na型，整体呈现低矿化、弱酸性-弱碱性的水文地球化学特征。地热流体化学演化主要受控于水岩作用，其中硅酸盐岩的风化水解作用及阳离子交换作用为核心控制过程；氢氧同位素分析结果表明，地热水补给来源以大气降水为主，补给高程为2 556~4 085 m，循环深度为1 432~4 041 m；应用石英温标估算得出研究区热储温度为88~147℃。该研究系统阐明了红河断裂带北段地热水的水文地球化学特征、物质来源及演化机制，为区域地热资源勘探靶区优选、可持续开发利用及环境影响评价提供了理论支撑与数据参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The Red River Fault Zone lies at the convergent hub of the Yangtze Para platform, Songpan-Garze Fold System, Sanjiang Fold System, and South China Fold System, with intense tectonic activity. As the core heat-controlling fault zone in southwestern China, it exhibits a superior geothermal resource endowment along its strike, yet the genetic mechanism of its geothermal systems remains unclear. To systematically unravel the hydrogeochemical evolution and genetic mechanism of geothermal fluids in the northern segment of the fault zone, 27 geothermal water samples were collected from typical geothermal manifestations and geothermal wells within the study area, and investigations were conducted via hydrochemical testing and isotopic analysis. The results show that geothermal waters in the study area have temperatures of 37.6~89.2 ℃, pH values of 6.20~8.30, and total dissolved solids contents of 326~1 198 mg/L. All geothermal water samples are classified as the HCO3-Na hydrochemical facies, displaying overall hydrogeochemical features of low mineralization and weak acidity to weak alkalinity. The chemical evolution of geothermal fluids is predominantly controlled by water-rock interaction, in which weathering and hydrolysis of silicate rocks, and cation exchange, are the dominant processes. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic analyses reveal that geothermal waters are mainly recharged by meteoric precipitation, with recharge elevations ranging from 2 556 m to 4 085 m and circulation depths of 1 432~4 041 m. The geothermal reservoir temperatures estimated using the quartz geothermometer range from 88~147 ℃. This research systematically elucidates the hydrogeochemical characteristics, material sources, and evolutionary mechanisms of geothermal waters in the northern Red River Fault Zone, providing scientific theoretical support and accurate data references for the optimization of exploration targets, sustainable development and utilization of regional geothermal resources, and environmental impact assessment. |
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