| 李汉堃,李洁祥.我国沉积盆地地热资源控热聚热机制研究[J].地质找矿论丛,2026,41(1):25-38 |
| 我国沉积盆地地热资源控热聚热机制研究 |
| Heat Control and Accumulation Mechanisms of Geothermal Systems in Sedimentary Basins of China |
| 投稿时间：2026-01-14 修订日期：2026-02-26 |
| DOI：10.6053/j.issn.1001-1412.2026.01.003 |
| 中文关键词: 沉积盆地 地热系统 控热机制 地温场 大地热流 |
| 英文关键词:sedimentary basin geothermal system heat control mechanism geothermal field heat flow |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目“藏南-喜马拉雅地热带水热伴生型锂的赋存及富集规律”（42102297）、国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金重点项目“深埋侏罗系煤层开采顶板水害多源信息预警与控制基础研究”（U24B2041）、河南省重点研发专项“煤层底板地热水害防控及资源保护协同技术与示范”（251111322300）联合资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在全球能源转型与“双碳”目标背景下，赋存于沉积盆地中的地热资源作为我国中低温地热资源的主体，具有分布广、储量大、利用方式多样等特点，其清洁高效开发利用对保障能源安全与可持续发展具有重要意义。本文系统阐述了我国沉积盆地地热资源的分布特征及热背景，总结了以孔隙型和岩溶裂隙型为主的热储类型及其空间分布规律。研究重点从基底起伏、地下水活动、地质构造、潜在热源及沉积盖层五类核心要素出发，深入剖析了各类要素在地热系统中控制热量再分配、热传递等过程的作用机制及表现形式。在此基础上，结合渤海湾盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地、华南陆缘盆地三类典型实例，揭示了我国沉积盆地构造背景下地热系统的多要素联合控热模式。目前，对地热系统中多种控热机制联合作用的研究多以定性描述为主，未来需加强多机制耦合的定量模拟、深部热结构精细探测以及动态演化过程的反演，以推动地热资源科学勘探与高效可持续开发。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In the context of the global energy transition and China’s “Dual Carbon” goals, geothermal resources within sedimentary basins constitute the bulk of the country’s medium- to low-temperature geothermal reserves. Characterized by widespread distribution, substantial reserves, and diverse potential for utilization, their clean and efficient development is critical to ensuring energy security and sustainability. This paper systematically outlines the distribution patterns and thermal backgrounds of geothermal resources in China’s sedimentary basins, summarizing the spatial characteristics of two dominant reservoir types: porous and fracture-karst. Focusing on five key controlling elements—basement relief, groundwater activity, geological structures, potential heat sources, and sedimentary caprocks—the study dissects the mechanisms governing heat redistribution and transfer within these systems. Through case studies of three representative regions—the Bohai Bay Basin, the Ordos Basin, and the Southeast coastal basins—multi-factor coupled heat control models are revealed. Addressing the limitation that current research remains largely qualitative, this paper proposes that future work should prioritize quantitative simulation of multi-field coupling, refined detection of deep thermal structures, and inversion of dynamic evolutionary processes to advance the scientific exploration of geothermal resources. |
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